Preventing shoulder injury in male ballet dancers

Ackermann, Bronwen PhD, BAppSc, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia 

Despite the growing research base for injury prevention and management in professional classically trained ballet dancers, there is a relative dearth of information pertaining to upper limb injuries. The purpose of this presentation is to look at the loads placed on the shoulder, particularly during lifting by the male dancer, as may occur during a pas de deux. The role of scapula positioning and rotator cuff muscular balance will be discussed, particularly in light of the inherent lack of stability in the glenohumeral joint. This is particularly relevant in light of the ligament hyperlaxity common in dancers, that may further increase the risk of injury to this area. This presentation will draw on research from other elite performance fields and apply these concepts to the prevention of injury in male ballet dancers.

Two case studies will be presented from an Australian professional ballet company to illustrate the importance of developing adequate upper limb muscle balance and lifting techniques. In the first case study, chronic neck and trapezius pain were reported by a male dancer, particularly when there was a higher lifting load in his dance schedule. Examination revealed significant scapula dyskinesis and muscle imbalances in the rotator cuff. The second case study presents a case of an inferior subluxation of the glenohumeral joint partly caused by poor shoulder girdle positioning.